1 What is the SI unit of Work?
A: Joule
B: erg
C: g-cm
D: Watt
B: erg
C: g-cm
D: Watt
Answer
Joule
Q.2 1 joule = ________ erg.
A: 109
B: 105
C: 107
D: 1010
B: 105
C: 107
D: 1010
Answer
107
Q.3 Which of the followings is an example of work done against force?
A: Getting up with the stairs
B: Get down with the stairs
C: Walking on the flat ground
D: Droping any object down from the top
B: Get down with the stairs
C: Walking on the flat ground
D: Droping any object down from the top
Answer
Getting up with the stairs
Q.4 What happens to its potential energy when an object is taken to high altitude?
A: Its potential energy increases
B: Its potential energy decreases
C: Its potential energy remain same
D: None of the above
B: Its potential energy decreases
C: Its potential energy remain same
D: None of the above
Answer
Its potential energy increases.
Q.5 What is the unit of energy in SI system?
A: Joule
B: erg
C: Watt
D: Newton
B: erg
C: Watt
D: Newton
Answer
Joule
Q.6 What is the unit of energy in c.g.s system?
A: dyne
B: erg
C: newton-meter/second
D: dyne-cm/second
B: erg
C: newton-meter/second
D: dyne-cm/second
Answer
erg
Q.7 What is energy?
A: energy is the rate of change of work done;
B: It is the ability to do work;
C: Both A and B;
D: none of the above;
B: It is the ability to do work;
C: Both A and B;
D: none of the above;
Answer
It is the ability to do work;
Q.8 The rate of change of work is _______ .
Answer
Power
Q.9 What is the unit of power?
Answer
Watt
Q.10 Potential energy = mass × ________ × height.
Answer:
Gravitational acceleration.
Q.11 1 Horse Power (HP) = _________ Watt.
A: 446
B: 766
C: 746
D: 674
B: 766
C: 746
D: 674
Answer
746 watt
Q.12 If a person walk on horizontal road with a suitcase on his hand then the work done is zero.
A: This statement is true;
B: This statement is false;
B: This statement is false;
Answer
This statement is true;
Q.13 What is the formula of work done?
A: Work done = force × displacement;
B: Work done = force × velocity;
C: Work done = pressure × displacement
D: Work done = mass × acceleration;
B: Work done = force × velocity;
C: Work done = pressure × displacement
D: Work done = mass × acceleration;
Answer
work done = force × displacement;
Q.14 An object of mass 200 g moving with velocity 50 cm/s. What is its kinetic energy?
A: 2.1 × 105 erg
B: 2.0 × 105 erg
C: 2.8 × 105 erg
D: 2.5 × 105 erg
B: 2.0 × 105 erg
C: 2.8 × 105 erg
D: 2.5 × 105 erg
Answer
2.5 × 105 erg
Q.15 Which of the following is true?
A: Power = work done × time;
B: Power = work done/time;
C; Power = work done × velocity;
D: Power = work done/ velocity;
B: Power = work done/time;
C; Power = work done × velocity;
D: Power = work done/ velocity;
Answer
Power = work done/time;
Q.16 A machine do a work of 100 joule in 20 second. What is its power?
A: 120 watt
B: 80 watt
C: 5 watt
D: 2000 watt
B: 80 watt
C: 5 watt
D: 2000 watt
answer
5 watt.
Q.17 Which of the following is equal with Newton-meter?
Answer
Joule
Q.18 Erg is related to –
A: dyne-cm
B: dyne/secon
C: dyne-second
D: dyne/cm
B: dyne/secon
C: dyne-second
D: dyne/cm
Answer
dyne-cm
Q.19 Due to application of 5 N force an object moves 10 meter along perpendicular direction of the force. What amount work is done?
A: 50 Joule
B: 15 Joule
C: 5 Joule
D: 0 Joule
B: 15 Joule
C: 5 Joule
D: 0 Joule
Answer
Work done is zero
Q.20 Joule/second is related to –
A: Watt
B: Newton
C: Pascal
B: Torr
B: Newton
C: Pascal
B: Torr
Answer
Watt
Q.21 A particle is thrown upward with some kinetic energy. What happened to its kinetic energy at the highest point or height it reaches.
A: Its kinetic energy is lost;
B: It’s all kinetic energy is absorbed by the air;
C: Its kinetic energy is converted to potential energy;
D: Its kinetic energy is remain same;
B: It’s all kinetic energy is absorbed by the air;
C: Its kinetic energy is converted to potential energy;
D: Its kinetic energy is remain same;
Answer
Its kinetic energy is totally converted to potential energy;
Q.22 What is the formula of potential energy?
A: mv2
B: mgh
C: mgh2
D: ρgh
B: mgh
C: mgh2
D: ρgh
Answer:
mgh
Q.23 What is the formula of kinetic energy?
A: (1/2)mv2
B: mv2
C: mgh
D: p∫dv
B: mv2
C: mgh
D: p∫dv
Answer
(1/2)mv2
Q.24 When a body falls from a height, its total mechanical energy remain same. The statement is –
A: True
B: False
B: False
Answer
Work, Power and Energy General Knowledge
Work, Power and Energy related important General knowledge and basic concept with definition for UPSE, IAS, SSC CGL, MTS, Railway, Banking and other competitive exams.
In general sense work means any kind of physical and mental activity. Someone study very hard in his study room to get good marks in examination. This is a mental activity. We always say that he is hard-working on study. But in mechanics, work is not like that. In physics it is defined by other away.
What is work in Physics?
In physics or mechanics, when a body gets displaced by application of force on it, we say that work is done.
How much work is done?
Work done is measured as the product of displacement of a body and the force applied on it due to which it displaced. Due to application of force F, an object displaced at a distance s, work done is –
W = F • s ; Which is the formula of work done.
Force and displacement are vector quantities. Dot vector product of force F and displacement s gives us the amount of work done. Dot product of two vector is always scalar. Thus work is a scalar quantity.
If direction of force and displacement is different, i,e. direction of force and displacement make an angle θ between them, then according to vector dot product rule, work done is governed by –
W = |F| × |s| cosθ ; |F| is the magnitude of force and |s| is magnitude of displacement.
Work done examples
If displacement is zero, work done is zero. A man pushing a wall and get tired, he is not doing any work since the wall is at the stable position.
Again we see that if the angle between force and displacement is 90° then cosθ = cos90° = 0. Work done is zero. Earth is moving around the sun. Direction of gravitational force and displacement of the earth is 90°. Hence no work is done on or by the earth.
Both force and displacement are same direction the work done is maximum i.e. W = FS. SI and C.G.S system the unit of work done is Joule and erg respectively.
Work done example problems:
Problem 1> 5 N force is applied on a cube and moves 8 m along the direction of force. What amount of work is done on the cube?Problem 2> 50 N forces making an angle 60° applied on an object. Calculate the amount of work done.What is Energy in Physics?
Capacity of doing work by an object is known as energy.
Unit of energy and work done is same. SI unit of energy is Joule (J) and c.g.s unit of energy is erg. More units of Energy here.
1 joule = 107 erg.
Forms of Energy
Energy can be classified into 8 types.
Mechanical energy: Mechanical energy arises on an object due to the motion or rest (not absolute rest). There are two types of mechanical energy. One is kinetic energy and other is potential energy.
> Kinetic energy: When an object is in motion with respect to other object, it constitutes mechanical energy. A particle moving with constant velocity, v, it’s kinetic energy will be (1/2)mv2, where m is the mass of object.
Formula of kinetic energy Ek = (1/2)mv2
> Potential Energy: Capacity of doing work developed in a body due to its position or configuration is called its potential energy (PE). PE arises when a body is confined to a force field. As an example, when a body of mass, m kept at a height, h from the earth surface, it constitutes mgh amount of energy in the body.
Formula of potential energy Ep = mgh. where g = gravitational acceleration.
Electrical Energy: Electrical energy stored in the electric field produced by a charged particle around it. This energy derived charged particles from power stations to our home supplying electric current. Every day we used electric energy for our daily life. Electric bulb, fan, computer, air conditioner etc use electric energy.
Electric Energy density, Uelc = (1/2)μE2 ; μ = permittivity; E = electric field
Magnetic Energy: Magnetic energy stored in the magnetic field produced by magnet. When an iron’s pin is kept near to a magnet, the magnet attract it. Why? Because the field stored some amount of energy that helps to attract the iron’s pin towards the magnet. A big bar magnet exists inside the earth.
Magnetic Energy density, Umeg = (1/2)εB2 ; ε = permeability and B = magnetic field
From electrodynamics we know that a changing magnetic field produces an electric field and a changing electric field produces a magnetic field.
Chemical Energy: In a molecule, atoms are closely held together. How the atoms are bonded? An energy called chemical energy helps to create such bond that helps atoms to hold close and form molecule. Thus Chemical energy is defined as the energy stored in the bonds of chemical compounds. When water is mixed with lime, heat produced. The chemical energy stored in the lime comes out as heat energy. Dry cell uses its chemical energy to produce electric energy.
Light Energy: Energy stored in the light is called light energy. Green plants use light energy in photosynthesis process to stored light energy into chemical energy inside glucose. Solar cell uses solar energy to produce electric current.
Sound Energy: Energy stored in the sound is called sound energy. When we speak, our vocal cord vibrates and energy flows as sound wave. When we stand near to a big DJ speaker our cloths start to vibrate. Why it happens? Because sound energy is responsible for creating such vibration.
Nuclear Energy: Energy stored in the nucleus of atoms is nuclear energy. Protons are positive charged. Same charges repel each others. In nucleus of an atom protons also repel each other. So nucleus must not exist. But in nucleus protons are hold together. Who is responsible to hold protons together in the nucleus? The answer is nuclear energy, which strongly holds all the particles inside nucleus of atoms. We can exert nuclear energy from nucleus of Uranium or Thorium in the nuclear power plant. In atom bomb, huge amount of nuclear energy releases when it blasts.
Gravitational Energy: The energy stored in gravitational field is called gravitational energy. When we lift some object up, gravitational energy start to store in the object as potential energy. Due to gravitational energy all the objects having mass in the universe attract each other. Sun attracts earth, or earth attracts moon due to gravitational energy which stored in the gravity or gravitational field.
What is Power in Physics?
Definition of work says nothing about time during which work is done. Suppose you move at a distance by walking or running. But you feel more tiredness when you run. Both cases work is done by same amount. Then why we get tired in the case of running. The answer is given by introducing power. In the case of running, you required more power and hence you get tired. Another example of power is – a strong boy can lift up 100 kg weight but weak boy can not. Because strong boy can generate more power to lift the weight up than weak boy.. Power is a physical quantity which is defined as follows.
Rate of doing work is known as power. Simply rate of change of work done with respect to time is called power.
Thus Power, P = (Work done)/Time = W/t.
Power is scalar quantity. Its SI unit is Watt. 1 watt = 1 Joule/second. In so-called machinery system unit of work is Horse Power (HP).
1 HP = 746 watt.
Tru
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